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How does the switching power adapter work?

source:power adapter     Popular:adapter     release time:2021-09-28 09:44:18     Article author:sznbone    

  How does the switching power adapter work?(图1)

  The AC input voltage (AC) is filtered by the EMI filter circuit to filter some interference and noise from the power grid, and then directly rectified and filtered to obtain a high voltage direct current (DC). Then the DC high voltage is put into the square wave cutting device (MOSFET), and cut into a high frequency voltage square wave signal of 50~200KHZ. The square wave signal enters the primary of the isolation transformer, and the low-voltage AC potential induced by the secondary is rectified and filtered to obtain a low-voltage stable DC output, which is supplied to the load. Regardless of whether the input voltage changes or the output load changes, the output must be maintained Stability of DC voltage. Therefore, the output voltage is monitored by the DC output monitoring circuit, and the signal is fed back to the PWM logic control circuit to adjust the duty cycle, thereby adjusting the output voltage to achieve a stable effect. When the load fails (such as: short circuit, overload, etc.), the signal can be quickly fed back to the PWM logic control circuit through the protection circuit to stop the square wave switching component and achieve the protection function.

  The main content of the switching power supply safety standard

  1. Creepage distance:

  refers to the shortest distance between two conductive parts or between a conductive part and the interface of the equipment measured along the insulating surface. The creepage distance is emphasized to prevent fire between devices or between devices and the ground from threatening personal safety.

  2. Electric strength:

  means that when the zero voltage is increased to 1500V AC or 2200V DC between the AC input line or between the AC input and the chassis, no breakdown or arc is drawn.

  3, leakage current:

  An ammeter is connected in series between the live wire or neutral wire of the power supply and the easily touchable metal through an isolation transformer. The leakage current of the switching power supply should not exceed 3.5mA under 260V AC input.

  4. Temperature:

  Safety standards are very strict for electronic appliances and require materials to be flame-retardant. The internal temperature rise of the switching power supply should not exceed 65°C. For example, the ambient temperature is 25°C and the temperature of the power supply components should be less than 90°C.

  The difference between safety capacitor products and non-safety capacitor products:

  1) Safety-certified products have strict regulations on the insulation of components and materials, flame-retardant, etc., but the product is in compliance with safety regulations does not mean that the performance is good or bad.

  2) Due to the long application time for safety certification, there are strict restrictions and requirements. Like my country's CCEE certification, not only the products submitted for inspection must meet the CCEE standard, but also the factory must have a relatively complete (similar to ISO9000 audit) quality assurance system To ensure that each product city meets the requirements of CCEE during mass production; not only that, but also to accept regular and irregular quality supervision and inspection by the CCEE agency. For this reason, when applying for safety certification, manufacturers will consider the completeness and practicality of the product itself. Because after the safety certification application, no changes, substitutions or modifications are allowed, so relatively speaking, the starting point of safety products will be much higher than that of non-safety products. Non-safety power supplies are prone to short circuits under dust, humidity, high temperature, thunder and lightning, and vibration. Once a short circuit occurs, non-safety power supplies can easily cause fires and seriously affect the safety of users’ lives and properties. The safety standards are strictly enforced.

  The working principle and safety standards of the switching power supply adapter are introduced here. After everyone understands it, you will be able to do well when choosing products!


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